September 28
September 28 is the 271st day of the year (272nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 94 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
- 48 BC – Pompey the Great is assassinated on orders of King Ptolemy of Egypt after landing in Egypt.
- 351 – Battle of Mursa Major: the Roman Emperor Constantius II defeats the usurper Magnentius.
- 365 – Roman usurper Procopius bribes two legions passing by Constantinople, and proclaims himself Roman emperor.
- 935 – Saint Wenceslas is murdered by his brother, Boleslaus I of Bohemia.
- 995 – Members of Slavník's dynasty – Spytimír, Pobraslav, Pořej and Čáslav are murdered by Boleslaus's son, Boleslaus II the Pious.
- 1066 – William the Conqueror invades England: the Norman Conquest begins.
- 1106 – The Battle of Tinchebrai – Henry I of England defeats his brother, Robert Curthose.
- 1322 – Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor defeats Frederick I of Austria in the Battle of Mühldorf.
- 1448 – Christian I is crowned king of Denmark.
- 1542 – Navigator João Rodrigues Cabrilho of Portugal arrives at what is now San Diego, California, United States.
- 1708 – Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya.
- 1779 – American Revolution: Samuel Huntington is elected President of the Continental Congress, succeeding John Jay.
- 1781 – American forces backed by a French fleet begin the siege of Yorktown, Virginia, during the American Revolutionary War.
- 1787 – The newly completed United States Constitution is voted on by the U.S. Congress to be sent to the state legislatures for approval.
- 1844 – Oscar I of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Sweden.
- 1867 – Toronto becomes the capital of Ontario.
- 1867 – The United States takes control of Midway Island.
- 1868 – Battle of Alcolea causes Queen Isabella II of Spain to flee to France.
- 1889 – The first General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) defines the length of a meter as the distance between two lines on a standard bar of an alloy of platinum with ten percent iridium, measured at the melting point of ice.
- 1891 – Club Atletico Peñarol is founded under the name of Central Uruguay Railway Cricket Club
- 1928 – UK passes the Dangerous Drugs Act outlawing cannabis.
- 1928 – Sir Alexander Fleming notices a bacteria-killing mold growing in his laboratory, discovering what later became known as penicillin.
- 1939 – Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union agree on a division of Poland after their invasion during World War II.
- 1939 – Warsaw surrenders to Nazi Germany during World War II.
- 1941 – Major League Baseball: Ted Williams of the Boston Red Sox finishes the season with a batting average of .406. He is the latest major league player to have a batting average of .400 or better.
- 1944 – Soviet Army troops liberate Klooga concentration camp in Klooga, Estonia.
- 1958 – France ratifies a new Constitution of France; the French Fifth Republic is then formed upon the formal adoption of the new constitution on October 4. Guinea rejects the new constitution, voting for independence instead.
- 1961 – A military coup in Damascus effectively ends the United Arab Republic, the union between Egypt and Syria.
- 1962 – Paddington tram depot fire destroys 65 trams in Brisbane, Australia.
- 1971 – UK passes the Misuse of Drugs Act banning the medicinal use of cannabis.
- 1972 – Canada defeats the USSR in the eighth and final game of the ice hockey Summit Series.
- 1973 – ITT Building in New York City bombed to protest ITT's involvement in the September 11 1973 coup d'état in Chile.
- 1975 – The Spaghetti House siege, in which nine people are taken as hostages, takes place in London.
- 1994 – The car ferry MS Estonia sinks in Baltic Sea, killing 852 people.
- 1995 – Bob Denard and a group of mercenaries take the islands of Comoros in a coup.
- 2000 – Al-Aqsa Intifada: Ariel Sharon visits the Temple Mount in Jerusalem.
- 2008 – SpaceX launches the first ever private spacecraft, the Falcon 1 into orbit.
Births
- 551 BC – Confucious, Chinese philosopher (d. 479)
- 58 BC – Livia Drusilla, wife of the Roman emperor Caesar Augustus (d. 29)
- 1330 – Nicolas Flamel, French alchemist (d. 1418)
- 1493 – Agnolo Firenzuola, Italian poet (d. 1545)
- 1571 – Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, Italian artist (d. 1610)
- 1605 – Ismaël Bullialdus, French astronomer (d. 1694)
- 1667 – Asano Naganori, Japanese warlord (d. 1701)
- 1681 – Johann Mattheson, German composer (d. 1764)
- 1705 – Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland, English statesman (d. 1774)
- 1746 – Sir William Jones, English philologist (d. 1794)
- 1792 – Johann Georg Hiedler, Grandfather of Adolf Hitler (d. 1857)
- 1803 – Prosper Mérimée, French author (d. 1870)
- 1821 – Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs, American politician (d. 1874)
- 1823 – Alexandre Cabanel, French painter (d. 1889)
- 1824 – Francis Turner Palgrave, British critic and poet (d. 1897)
- 1835 – Sai Baba of Shirdi (d. 1918)
- 1836 – Thomas Crapper, English inventor (d. 1910)
- 1841 – Georges Clemenceau, French politician (d. 1929)
- 1852 – Henri Moissan, French chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1907)
- 1856 – Kate Douglas Wiggin, American children's author (d. 1923)
- 1861 – Amélie of Orléans, queen of Portugal (d. 1951)
- 1867 – Hiranuma Kiichirō, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1952)
- 1881 – Pedro de Cordoba, American actor (d. 1950)
- 1887 – Avery Brundage, American athlete and sports official (d. 1975)
- 1889 – Jack Fournier, American baseball player (d. 1973)
- 1891 – Myrtle Gonzalez, American actress (d. 1918)
- 1893 – Giannis Skaribas, Greek writer and dramatist (d. 1984)
- 1898 – Carl Clauberg, Nazi concentration camp doctor (d. 1957)
- 1901 – William S. Paley, American radio and television executive (d. 1990)
- 1901 – Ed Sullivan, American television show host (d. 1974)
- 1905 – Max Schmeling, German boxer (d. 2005)
- 1907 – Heikki Savolainen, Finnish gymnast (d. 1997)
- 1907 – Bhagat Singh, Indian activist (d. 1931)
- 1909 – Al Capp, American cartoonist (d. 1979)
- 1910 – Diosdado Macapagal, 9th President of the Philippines (d. 1997)
- 1910 – Wenceslao Vinzons, Filipino politician and resistance leader (d. 1942)
- 1913 – Warja Honegger-Lavater, Swiss artist and illustrator (d. 2007)
- 1916 – Peter Finch, English-born actor (d. 1977)
- 1918 – Ángel Labruna, Argentinian football player and coach (d. 1983)
- 1923 – John Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch, British politician (d. 2007)
- 1923 – William Windom, American actor
- 1924 – Marcello Mastroianni, Italian actor (d. 1996)
- 1925 – Seymour Cray, American computer scientist (d. 1996)
- 1925 – Cromwell Everson, South African composer (d. 1991)
- 1925 – Arnold Stang, American actor
- 1926 – Jerry Clower, American comedian (d. 1998)
- 1929 – Lata Mangeshkar, Indian playback singer
- 1930 – Immanuel Wallerstein, American sociologist
- 1932 – Víctor Jara, Chilean folk singer and activist (d. 1973)
- 1933 – Miguel Berrocal, sculptor (d. 2006)
- 1934 – Brigitte Bardot, French actress
- 1934 – Janet Munro, British actress (d. 1972)
- 1935 – Heather Sears, British actress (d. 1994)
- 1937 – Alice Mahon, English politician and labor leader
- 1937 – Rod Roddy, American television announcer (d. 2003)
- 1938 – Ben E. King, American r&b singer
- 1939 – Stuart Kauffman, American biologist
- 1939 – Rudolph Walker, Trinidadian-born British actor
- 1941 – Edmund Stoiber, German politician
- 1942 – Marshall Bell, American actor
- 1942 – Pierre Clémenti, French actor (d. 1999)
- 1942 – Tim Maia, Brazilian singer (d. 1998)
- 1943 – Joel Higgins, American actor
- 1943 – Nick St. Nicholas, Canadian musician (Steppenwolf)
- 1943 – J. T. Walsh, American actor (d. 1998)
- 1943 – Warren Lieberfarb, American media executive
- 1946 – Jeffrey Jones, American actor
- 1946 – Helen Shapiro, English singer
- 1947 – Bob Carr, Australian politician
- 1947 – Sheikh Hasina, Bangladeshi politician
- 1950 – Laurie Lewis, American musician
- 1950 – John Sayles, American director and screenwriter
- 1951 – Wei Chen, Canadian journalist
- 1952 – Sylvia Kristel, Dutch actress
- 1954 – Steve Largent, American football player and U.S. Congressman
- 1954 – George Lynch, American musician (Dokken)
- 1955 – Stéphane Dion, Canadian politician
- 1959 – Ron Fellows, Canadian race car driver
- 1959 – Steve Hytner, American actor
- 1959 – Dantes Tsitsi, Nauruan politician
- 1960 – Jennifer Rush, American pop singer
- 1961 – Quentin Kawananakoa, pretender to the throne of the Kingdom of Hawaii
- 1962 – Grant Fuhr, Canadian hockey player
- 1962 – Chuck Taylor, American music journalist
- 1963 – Steve Blackman, American professional wrestler
- 1964 – Claudio Borghi, Argentine football manager (Colo-Colo)
- 1964 – Laura Cerón, American actress
- 1964 – Janeane Garofalo, American actress and comedian
- 1964 – Paul Jewell, English football manager
- 1965 – Ginger Fish, American drummer (Marilyn Manson)
- 1966 – Puri Jagannadh, Indian film director
- 1966 – Maria Canals Barrera, American actress, singer
- 1967 – Mira Sorvino, American actress
- 1967 – Moon Unit Zappa, American singer and actress
- 1968 – Mika Häkkinen, Finnish race car driver
- 1968 – Naomi Watts, English-born Australian actress
- 1969 – Mark Everett, American fugitive
- 1969 – Ben Greenman, American author
- 1969 – Éric Lapointe, Canadian singer
- 1969 – Nico Vaesen, Belgian footballer
- 1970 – Mike DeJean, American baseball player
- 1970 – Gualter Salles, Brazilian racing driver
- 1971 – Alan Wright, English footballer
- 1971 – Joseph Arthur, American singer-songwriter
- 1972 – Dita Von Teese, American burlesque artist
- 1973 – Jori Hulkkonen, Finnish electronic musician
- 1973 – Brian Rafalski, American ice hockey player
- 1974 – Mariya Kiselyova, Russian swimmer
- 1974 – Joonas Kolkka, Finnish footballer
- 1974 – Shane Webcke, Australian rugby player
- 1974 – John Light, English actor
- 1974 – Allan Pineda Lindo (apl.de.ap), Member of American music group The Black Eyed Peas
- 1975 – Stuart Clark, Australian cricketeer
- 1975 – Lenny Krayzelburg, American swimmer
- 1976 – Fedor Emelianenko, Russian mixed martial artist
- 1977 – Se Ri Pak, Korean golfer
- 1978 – Bushido, German rapper
- 1979 – Bam Margera, American skateboarder
- 1981 – José Calderón, Spanish basketball player
- 1981 – Jorge Guagua, Ecuadorian footballer
- 1981 – Gül Gölge, Turkish model and actress
- 1981 – Iracema Trevisan, Brazilian musician (CSS)
- 1982 – Ray Emery, Canadian hockey player
- 1982 – Ranbir Kapoor, Indian actor
- 1982 – Nolwenn Leroy, French singer
- 1982 – Emeka Okafor, American basketball player
- 1982 – Dustin Penner, Canadian hockey player
- 1982 – Anderson Varejão, Brazilian basketball player
- 1982 – Abhinav Bindra, Indian shooter
- 1983 – Stefan Moore, English footballer
- 1984 – Melody Thornton, American singer and dancer
- 1984 – Ryan Zimmerman, American baseball player
- 1986 – Andrés Guardado, Mexican footballer
- 1987 – Hilary Duff, American actress, singer
- 1988 – Esmée Denters, Dutch singer
- 1988 – Aleks Vrteski, Australian footballer
- 1989 – Mark Randall, English footballer
- 1992 – Skye McCole Bartusiak, American actress
- 2000 – Frankie Jonas, Actor
Deaths
- 48 BC – Pompey, Roman general and politician (b. 106 BC)
- 235 – Saint Pontianus, Pope
- 876 – Louis the German, King of Eastern Francia (b. 804)
- 935 – Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia (b. 907)
- 1104 – Pedro I, king of Aragon and Navarre (b. 1068)
- 1197 – Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1165)
- 1429 – Cymburgis of Masovia, wife of Duke Ernest of Austria
- 1582 – George Buchanan, Scottish historian (b. 1506)
- 1618 – Joshua Sylvester, English poet (b. 1563)
- 1687 – Francis Turretin, Swiss theologian (b. 1623)
- 1694 – Gabriel Mouton, French scientist (b. 1618)
- 1702 – Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland, English statesman (b. 1640)
- 1742 – Jean Baptiste Massillon, French churchman (b. 1663)
- 1781 – William Henry Nassau de Zuylestein, 4th Earl of Rochford, British diplomat and statesman (b. 1717)
- 1844 – Pyotr Aleksandrovich Tolstoy, Russian general and statesman (b. 1769)
- 1873 – Émile Gaboriau, French writer and journalist (b. 1832)
- 1891 – Herman Melville, American novelist (b. 1819)
- 1895 – Louis Pasteur, French scientist (b. 1822)
- 1914 – Richard Sears, businessman (Sears, Roebuck and Company) (b. 1863)
- 1915 – Saitou Hajime, 3rd squad leader of the Shinsengumi died under name of Goro Fujita (b. 1844)
- 1918 – Georg Simmel, German sociologist and philosopher (b. 1858)
- 1918 – Freddie Stowers, American soldier (b. 1896)
- 1935 – W.K. Dickson, Scottish inventor (b. 1860)
- 1938 – Charles Duryea, American automobile manufacturer (b. 1861)
- 1953 – Edwin Hubble, American astronomer (b. 1889)
- 1956 – William Edward Boeing, American aviation pioneer (b. 1881)
- 1957 – Luis Cluzeau Mortet, Uruguayan composer and musician(b. 1888)
- 1959 – Rudolf Caracciola, German race car driver (b. 1901)
- 1964 – Harpo Marx, American comedian and actor (b. 1888)
- 1966 – André Breton, French poet (b. 1896)
- 1970 – John Dos Passos, American novelist (b. 1896)
- 1970 – Gamal Abdel Nasser, the second President of Egypt (b. 1918)
- 1978 – Pope John Paul I (b. 1912), after just 33 days in office
- 1979 – John Herbert Chapman, Canadian physicist (b. 1921)
- 1981 – Rómulo Betancourt, President of Venezuela (b. 1908)
- 1982 – Mabel Albertson, American actress (b. 1901)
- 1988 – Charles Addams, American cartoonist (b. 1912)
- 1989 – Ferdinand Marcos, President of the Philippines (b. 1917)
- 1991 – Miles Davis, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1926)
- 1993 – Peter De Vries, American novelist (b. 1910)
- 1993 – Fraser MacPherson, Canadian jazz saxophonist (b. 1928)
- 1993 – Alexander A. Drabik, American soldier (b. 1910)
- 1994 – Urmas Alender, Estonian singer and musician (b. 1953)
- 1994 – José Francisco Ruiz Massieu, Mexican politician (assassinated) (b. 1946)
- 1994 – Harry Saltzman, American film producer (b. 1915)
- 2000 – Pierre Trudeau, 15th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1919)
- 2002 – Patsy Mink, U.S. Congresswoman (b. 1927)
- 2002 – Hartland Molson, Canadian businessman (Molson family), senator and sports executive (Montreal Canadiens) (b. 1907)
- 2003 – Althea Gibson, American tennis player (b. 1927)
- 2003 – Elia Kazan, Greek-born American film director (b. 1909)
- 2003 – George Odlum, Saint Lucian politician (b. 1934)
- 2004 – Geoffrey Beene, American fashion designer (b. 1924)
- 2004 – Scott Muni, American disc jockey (b. 1930)
- 2005 – Constance Baker Motley, American judge (b. 1921)
- 2007 – Wally Parks, Founder of the NHRA (b. 1913)
Holidays and observances
External links
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