June 30
June 30 is the 181st day of the year (182nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 184 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
- 350 – Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the usurper Magnentius, in Rome.
- 1422 – Battle of Arbedo between the duke of Milan and the Swiss cantons.
- 1520 – The Spaniards are expelled from Tenochtitlan.
- 1559 – King Henry II of France is seriously injured in a jousting match against Gabriel de Montgomery.
- 1651 – The Deluge: Khmelnytsky Uprising – the Battle of Beresteczko ends with a Polish victory.
- 1688 – The Immortal Seven issue the Invitation to William, continuing the struggle for English independence from Rome which would culminate in the Glorious Revolution.
- 1758 – Seven Years' War: The Battle of Domstadtl takes place.
- 1794 – Native American forces under Blue Jacket attack Fort Recovery.
- 1805 – The U.S. Congress organizes the Michigan Territory.
- 1859 – French acrobat Charles Blondin crosses Niagara Falls on a tightrope.
- 1860 – The 1860 Oxford evolution debate at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History takes place.
- 1864 – U.S. President Abraham Lincoln grants Yosemite Valley to California for "public use, resort and recreation".
- 1882 – Charles J. Guiteau is hanged in Washington, D.C. for the assassination of President James Garfield.
- 1886 – The first transcontinental train trip across Canada departs from Montreal. It arrives in Port Moody, British Columbia on July 4.
- 1905 – Albert Einstein publishes the article "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies", in which he introduces special relativity.
- 1906 – The United States Congress passes the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act.
- 1908 – The Tunguska event occurs in remote Siberia.
- 1912 – The Regina Cyclone hits Regina, Saskatchewan, killing 28. It remains Canada's deadliest tornado event.
- 1921 – U.S. President Warren G. Harding appoints former President William Howard Taft Chief Justice of the United States.
- 1934 – The Night of the Long Knives, Adolf Hitler's violent purge of his political rivals in Germany, takes place.
- 1935 – The Senegalese Socialist Party holds its first congress.
- 1936 – Emperor Haile Selassie of Abbysinia appeals for aid to the League of Nations against Mussolinis invasion of his country
- 1941 – World War II: Operation Barbarossa – Germany captures Lviv, Ukraine.
- 1944 – World War II: The Battle of Cherbourg ends with the fall of the strategically valuable port to American forces.
- 1953 – The first Chevrolet Corvette rolls off the assembly line in Flint, Michigan.
- 1956 – A TWA Super Constellation and a United Airlines DC-7 (Flight 718) collide above the Grand Canyon in Arizona, United States, killing all 128 on board the two planes.
- 1959 – A United States Air Force F-100 Super Sabre from Kadena Air Base, Okinawa crashes into a nearby elementary school, killing 11 students plus six residents from the local neighborhood.
- 1960 – Congo gains independence from Belgium.
- 1963 – Ciaculli massacre: A car bomb, intended for Mafia boss Salvatore Greco, kills seven police and military officers near Palermo.
- 1968 – Credo of the People of God by Pope Paul VI.
- 1969 – Nigeria bans Red Cross aid to Biafra.
- 1971 – The crew of the Soviet Soyuz 11 spacecraft are killed when their air supply escapes through a faulty valve.
- 1971 – Ohio ratifies the 26th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, lowering the voting age to 18, thereby putting the amendment into effect.
- 1972 – The first leap second is added to the UTC time system.
- 1985 – Thirty-nine American hostages from a hijacked TWA jetliner are freed in Beirut after being held for 17 days.
- 1986 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules that states can outlaw homosexual acts between consenting adults.
- 1987 – The Royal Canadian Mint introduces the $1 coin, known as the Loonie.
- 1990 – East Germany and West Germany merge their economies.
- 1991 – 32 miners are killed when a coal mine fire in the Donbass region of the Ukraine releases toxic gas.
- 1992 – Former Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher joins the House of Lords as Baroness Thatcher of Kesteven.
- 1997 – The United Kingdom transfers sovereignty over Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China.
- 2007 – A car crashes into Glasgow International Airport in Scotland, in an attempted terrorist attack.
Births
- 1286 – John de Warenne, 8th Earl of Surrey, English politician (d. 1347)
- 1470 – Charles VIII of France (d. 1498)
- 1503 – John Frederick, Elector of Saxony (d. 1554)
- 1641 – Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, Irish general (d. 1719)
- 1685 – John Gay, British writer (d. 1732)
- 1755 – Paul François Jean Nicolas Barras, French politician (d. 1829)
- 1789 – Horace Vernet, French painter and graphic artist (d. 1863)
- 1803 – Thomas Lovell Beddoes, English poet (d. 1849)
- 1807 – Friedrich Theodor von Vischer, German narrator, lyricist, and philosopher (d.1887)
- 1817 – Joseph Dalton Hooker, British botanist (d. 1911)
- 1823 – Dinshaw Maneckji Petit, Indian industrialist (d. 1901)
- 1843 – Ernest Mason Satow, British diplomat (d. 1929)
- 1884 – Georges Duhamel, French author (d. 1966)
- 1891 – Man Mountain Dean, American professional wrestler (d. 1953)
- 1891 – Ed "Strangler" Lewis, American professional wrestler (d. 1966)
- 1892 – Oswald Pohl, German Nazi leader (d. 1951)
- 1893 – Walter Ulbricht, German politician (d. 1973)
- 1899 – Madge Bellamy, American actress (d. 1990)
- 1899 – Harry Shields, American jazz clarinetist (d. 1971)
- 1906 – Ralph Allen, English footballer (d. 1981)
- 1906 – Anthony Mann, American film actor and director (d. 1967)
- 1907 – Roman Shukhevych, Ukrainian politician (d. 1950)
- 1908 – Winston Graham, British writer (d. 2003)
- 1911 – Czesław Miłosz, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)
- 1912 – Ludwig Bölkow, German aeronautical engineer (d. 2003)
- 1912 – Dan Reeves, owner of the Cleveland/Los Angeles Rams (d. 1971)
- 1913 – Harry Wismer, owner of the New York Jets (d. 1967)
- 1913 – Alfonso López Michelsen, 32nd President of Colombia (d. 2007)
- 1914 – Francisco da Costa Gomes, 16th President of Portugal (d. 2001)
- 1917 – Susan Hayward, American actress (d. 1975)
- 1917 – Lena Horne, American actress and singer
- 1919 – Ed Yost, American inventor (d. 2007)
- 1926 – Paul Berg, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1929 – James Goldman, American screenwriter (d. 1998)
- 1929 – Hans Krondahl, Swedish painter and textile designer
- 1931 – Bert Eriksson, Flemish neo-Nazi (d. 2005)
- 1931 – Andrew Hill, American jazz pianist (d. 2007)
- 1933 – Lea Massari, Italian actress
- 1933 – M. J. K. Smith, English cricketer
- 1933 – Orval Tessier, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1934 – Harry Blackstone Jr., American magician (d. 1997)
- 1935 – John Harlin, American mountaineer (d. 1966)
- 1936 – Nancy Dussault, American actress
- 1936 – Tony Musante, American actor
- 1936 – Dave Van Ronk, American folk singer/songwriter (d. 2002)
- 1938 – Apostolos Nikolaidis, Greek singer (d. 1999)
- 1939 – José Emilio Pacheco, Mexican poet
- 1940 – Mark Spoelstra, American folk singer (d. 2007)
- 1941 – Peter Pollock, South African cricket player
- 1942 – Robert Ballard, oceanographer
- 1942 – Ron Harris, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1943 – Florence Ballard, American singer (The Supremes) (d. 1976)
- 1944 – Raymond Moody, American parapsychologist
- 1944 – Terry Funk, American professional wrestler
- 1944 – Glenn Shorrock, Australian singer-songwriter; co-founding member of Little River Band
- 1944 – Ron Swoboda, American baseball player
- 1950 – Leonard Whiting, British actor
- 1951 – Stanley Clarke, American musician
- 1952 – David Garrison, Broadway and television actor
- 1952 – Athanassios S. Fokas, Greek mathematician
- 1953 – Hal Lindes, British-American musician (Dire Straits)
- 1954 – Pierre Charles, Prime Minister of Dominica (d. 2004)
- 1954 – Serzh Sargsyan, President of Armenia
- 1955 – David Alan Grier, American actor and comedian
- 1957 – Sterling Marlin, American race car driver (NASCAR)
- 1958 – Esa-Pekka Salonen, Finnish conductor and composer
- 1959 – Vincent D'Onofrio, American actor
- 1959 – Brendan Perry, British musician (Dead Can Dance)
- 1960 – Murray Cook, Australian children's singer (The Wiggles)
- 1962 – Tony Fernández, Dominican baseball player
- 1962 – Julianne Regan, British singer and musician (All About Eve)
- 1963 – Yngwie Malmsteen, Swedish guitarist
- 1964 – Alexandra Christina Manley, Former Danish princess, now countess
- 1965 – Mitch Richmond, American basketball player
- 1965 – Steve Duchesne, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1965 – Gary Pallister, English footballer
- 1966 – Mike Tyson, American former boxer
- 1966 – Marton Csokas, New Zealand actor
- 1967 – David Busst, English former footballer
- 1968 – Philip Anselmo, American musician
- 1969 – Sanath Jayasuriya, Sri Lankan cricketer
- 1970 – Brian Bloom, American actor
- 1970 – Antonio Chimenti, Italian footballer
- 1970 – Mark Grudzielanek, American baseball player
- 1971 – Anette Michel, Mexican actress
- 1971 – Monica Potter, American actress
- 1972 – Sandra Cam, Belgian swimmer
- 1972 – James Martin, English celebrity chef
- 1973 – Chan-ho Park, South Korean baseball player
- 1973 – Frank Rost, German footballer
- 1974 – Melanie Lambert American ice skater
- 1975 – Ralf Schumacher, German race car driver (F1)
- 1975 – Rami Shaaban, Swedish footballer
- 1975 – James Bannatyne, New Zealander footballer
- 1977 – Justo Villar, Paraguayan footballer
- 1978 – Ben Cousins, Australian Football League player
- 1978 – Claudio Rivalta, Italian footballer
- 1979 – Matisyahu, American reggae singer
- 1979 – Rick Gonzalez, American actor
- 1979 – Travis Minor, American football running back
- 1980 – Rade Prica, Swedish footballer
- 1980 – Seyi Olofinjana, Nigerian footballer
- 1981 – Can Artam, Turkish racing driver
- 1981 – Matt Kirk, Canadian football player
- 1981 – Karolina Sadalska, Polish kayaker
- 1981 – Ben Utecht, American football Player
- 1982 – Dan Jacobs, American guitarist (Atreyu)
- 1982 – Andy Knowles, British musician (Franz Ferdinand)
- 1982 – Mitch Maier, American baseball player
- 1982 – Lizzy Caplan, American actress
- 1983 – Brendon James, British drummer (Thirteen Senses)
- 1983 – Marlin Jackson, American football player
- 1983 – Patrick Wolf, British musician
- 1983 – Cheryl Cole, British singer (Girls Aloud)
- 1984 – Fantasia Barrino, American singer
- 1984 – Gabriel Badilla, Costa Rican footballer
- 1985 – Rafal Blechacz, Polish classical pianist
- 1985 – Michael Phelps, American swimmer
- 1985 – Fabiana Vallejos, Argentine footballer
- 1985 – Cody Runnels, American wrestler
- 1986 – Victoria Crawford, American wrestler and model
- 1986 – Allegra Versace, Italian heiress and stakeholder of the Versace empire
- 1986 – Nicola Pozzi, Italian footballer
- 1986 – Freddy Guarín, Colombian footballer
- 1989 – Miguel Vítor, Portuguese footballer
- 1991 – Kaho, Japanese actress
Deaths
- 350 – Nepotianus, Roman usurper
- 1181 – Hugh de Kevelioc, 3rd Earl of Chester, English politician (b. 1147)
- 1224 – Adolf of Osnabrück, Saint Adolf (b. 1185)
- 1364 – Arnost of Pardubice, Archbishop of Prague (b. 1297)
- 1538 – Charles of Egmond, Duke of Guelders (b. 1467)
- 1579 – Mehmed Pasha Sokolović, Turkish Janissary (b. 1506)
- 1607 – Caesar Baronius, Italian cardinal and historian (b. 1538)
- 1660 – William Oughtred, English mathematician (b. 1575)
- 1666 – Alexander Brome, English poet (b. 1620)
- 1670 – Henrietta Anne Stuart, Princess of England, Scotland, and Ireland (b. 1644)
- 1704 – John Quelch, English pirate (b. 1665)
- 1709 – Edward Lhuyd, Welsh scientist (b. 1660)
- 1785 – James Oglethorpe, English general and founder of the state of Georgia (b. 1696)
- 1796 – Abraham Yates, American Continental Congressman (b. 1724)
- 1857 – Alcide d'Orbigny, French naturalist (b. 1802)
- 1882 – Charles J. Guiteau, American assassin of President James A. Garfield (b. 1841)
- 1882 – Alberto Henschel, German-Brazilian photographer and businessman (b. 1827)
- 1890 – Samuel Parkman Tuckerman, American composer (b. 1819)
- 1917 – Antonio de La Gandara, French painter (b. 1861)
- 1919 – John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1842)
- 1934 – Night of the Long Knives murders
- 1953 – Charles William Miller, father of football in Brazil (b. 1874)
- 1956 – Thorleif Lund, Norwegian actor (b. 1880)
- 1959 – José Vasconcelos, Mexican writer and politician (b. 1882)
- 1961 – Lee DeForest, American inventor (b. 1873)
- 1966 – Giuseppe Farina, Italian Formula One champion. First person to win an F1 championship. (b. 1906)
- 1971 – Herbert Biberman, American screenwriter and film director (b. 1900)
- 1971 – Soviet crew of Soyuz 11
- 1973 – Blessed Vasyl Velychkovsky C.Ss.R Ukrainian-born Canadian Bishop and Martyr (b. 1903)
- 1974 – Vannevar Bush, American engineer and politician (b. 1890)
- 1976 – Firpo Marberry, American baseball player (b. 1898)
- 1984 – Lillian Hellman, American playwright (b. 1905)
- 1993 – George "Spanky" McFarland, American actor (b. 1928)
- 1993 – Wong Ka Kui, Hong Kong singer (b. 1962)
- 1995 – Gale Gordon, American actor (b. 1906)
- 1995 – Georgi Beregovoi, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1921)
- 1995 – Phyllis Hyman, American jazz vocalist (b. 1949)
- 1997 – Larry O'Day, Australian wrestler (b. 1944)
- 2001 – Chet Atkins, American country guitar player and producer (b. 1924)
- 2001 – Joe Henderson, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1937)
- 2002 – Chico Xavier, popular medium in Brazil´s spiritism movement (b. 1910)
- 2003 – Buddy Hackett, American comic (b. 1924)
- 2003 – Robert McCloskey, American children's book writer and illustrator (b. 1915)
- 2004 – Jamal Abro, Pakistani writer (b. 1924)
- 2006 – Robert Gernhardt, German satirist (b. 1937)
- 2007 – Sahib Singh Verma, Indian politician and former Chief Minister of Delhi (b. 1943)
Holidays and observances
External links
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