July 22
July 22 is the 203rd day of the year (204th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 162 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
- 1099 – First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Jerusalem.
- 1298 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Battle of Falkirk – King Edward I of England and his longbowmen defeat William Wallace and his Scottish schiltrons outside the town.
- 1456 – Ottoman Wars in Europe: Siege of Belgrade – John Hunyadi, Regent of Kingdom of Hungary defeats Mehmet II of Ottoman Empire
- 1484 – Battle of Lochmaben Fair – a 500-man raiding party led by Alexander Stewart, Duke of Albany and James Douglas, 9th Earl of Douglas are defeated by Scots forces loyal to Albany's brother James III of Scotland; Douglas is captured.
- 1499 – Battle of Dornach – the Swiss decisively defeat the Imperial army of Emperor Maximilian I.
- 1587 – Colony of Roanoke: a second group of English settlers arrive on Roanoke Island off North Carolina to re-establish the deserted colony.
- 1686 – Albany, New York is formally chartered as a municipality by Governor Thomas Dongan.
- 1793 – Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Pacific Ocean becoming the first Euro-American to complete a transcontinental crossing of Canada.
- 1796 – Surveyors of the Connecticut Land Company name an area in Ohio "Cleveland" after Gen. Moses Cleaveland, the superintendent of the surveying party.
- 1805 – Napoleonic Wars: War of the Third Coalition – Battle of Cape Finisterre – an inconclusive naval action is fought between a combined French and Spanish fleets under Admiral Pierre-Charles Villeneuve of Spain and a British fleet under Admiral Robert Calder.
- 1812 – Napoleonic Wars: Peninsular War – Battle of Salamanca – British forces led by Arthur Wellesley (later the Duke of Wellington) defeat French troops near Salamanca, Spain.
- 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Atlanta – outside Atlanta, Georgia, Confederate General John Bell Hood leads an unsuccessful attack on Union troops under General William T. Sherman on Bald Hill.
- 1894 – First ever motorized racing event is held in France between the cities of Paris and Rouen. The race is won by Jules de Dion.
- 1916 – In San Francisco, California, a bomb explodes on Market Street during a Preparedness Day parade killing 10 and injuring 40.
- 1933 – Wiley Post becomes the first person to fly solo around the world traveling 15,596 miles in 7 days, 18 hours and 45 minutes.
- 1934 – Outside Chicago's Biograph Theatre, "Public Enemy No. 1" John Dillinger is mortally wounded by FBI agents.
- 1937 – New Deal: the United States Senate votes down President Franklin D. Roosevelt's proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court of the United States.
- 1942 – The United States government begins compulsory civilian gasoline rationing due to the wartime demands.
- 1942 – Holocaust: the systematic deportation of Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto begins.
- 1943 – Allied forces capture the Italian city of Palermo.
- 1944 – The Polish Committee of National Liberation publishes its manifesto, starting the period of Communist rule in Poland
- 1946 – King David Hotel bombing: Irgun bombs King David Hotel in Jerusalem, headquarters of the British civil and military administration, killing 90.
- 1962 – Mariner program: Mariner 1 spacecraft flies erratically several minutes after launch and has to be destroyed.
- 1968 – Sir John Newsome recommends public schools should take 50% of their intake from the state school system
- 1976 – Japan completes its last reparation to the Philippines for war crimes committed in Japan's imperial conquest of the country in the Second World War
- 1977 – Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping is restored to power.
- 1983 – Martial law in Poland is officially revoked.
- 1992 – Near Medellín, Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar escapes from his luxury prison fearing extradition to the United States.
- 1997 – The second Blue Water Bridge opens between Port Huron, Michigan and Sarnia, Ontario.
- 2002 – Israel assassinates Salah Shahade, the Commander-in-Chief of Hamas's military arm, the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, along with 14 civilians.
- 2003 – Members of 101st Airborne of the United States, aided by Special Forces, attack a compound in Iraq, killing Saddam Hussein's sons Uday and Qusay, along with Mustapha Hussein, Qusay's 14-year old son, and a bodyguard.
- 2005 – Jean Charles de Menezes is killed by police as the hunt begins for the London Bombers. See 7 July 2005 London bombings and 21 July 2005 London bombings
Births
- 1210 – Joan of England, Queen consort of Scotland, wife of Alexander II of Scotland (d. 1238)
- 1478 – King Philip I of Castile (d. 1506)
- 1510 – Alessandro de' Medici, Duke of Florence (d. 1537)
- 1535 – Katarina Stenbock, wife of Gustav I of Sweden (d. 1621)
- 1559 – Lawrence of Brindisi, Italian monk (d. 1619)
- 1621 – Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, English politician (d. 1683)
- 1711 – Georg Wilhelm Richmann, Russian physicist (d. 1753)
- 1713 – Jacques-Germain Soufflot, French architect (d. 1780)
- 1733 – Mikhail Shcherbatov, Russian philosopher and writer (d. 1790)
- 1755 – Gaspard de Prony, French mathematician (d. 1839)
- 1784 – Friedrich Bessel, German mathematician and astronomer (d. 1846)
- 1844 – William Archibald Spooner, English priest and scholar (d. 1930)
- 1848 – Adolf Friedrich V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1914)
- 1849 – Emma Lazarus, American poet (d. 1887)
- 1863 – Alec Hearne, Former England cricketer (d. 1952)
- 1882 – Edward Hopper, American painter (d. 1967)
- 1887 – Gustav Ludwig Hertz, German physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1975)
- 1888 – Kirk Bryan, American geologist (d. 1950)
- 1888 – Selman Waksman, Ukrainian/American biochemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1973)
- 1889 – James Whale, English film director (d. 1957)
- 1890 – Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, American Kennedy family matriarch (d. 1995)
- 1892 – Jack MacBryan, Former England cricketer and Olympic gold medallist (d. 1983)
- 1893 – Jesse Haines, American baseball player (d. 1978)
- 1893 – Karl Menninger, American psychiatrist (d. 1990)
- 1898 – Stephen Vincent Benét, American author (d. 1943)
- 1898 – Alexander Calder, American artist (d. 1976)
- 1905 – Doc Cramer, American baseball player (d. 1990)
- 1908 – Amy Vanderbilt, American author (d. 1974)
- 1909 – Dorino Serafini, Italian racing driver (d. 2000)
- 1913 – Licia Albanese, American opera singer
- 1913 – Gorni Kramer, Italian bandleader (d. 1995)
- 1915 – Shaista Suhrawardy Ikramullah, Pakistani politician, diplomat and author. (d. 2000)
- 1916 – Gino Bianco, Brazilian racing driver (d. 1984)
- 1916 – Marcel Cerdan, French boxer (d. 1949)
- 1921 – William Roth, U.S. Senator (d. 2003)
- 1923 – Bob Dole, American politician
- 1923 – Lillian Ellison, American professional wrestler (d. 2007)
- 1923 – Mukesh, Indian singer (d. 1976)
- 1924 – Margaret Whiting, American singer
- 1928 – Orson Bean, American film actor
- 1929 – John Barber, British racing driver
- 1932 – Oscar De la Renta, Dominican/American fashion designer
- 1934 – Louise Fletcher, American actress
- 1935 – Tom Cartwright, Former England cricketer (d. 2007)
- 1936 – Tom Robbins, American author
- 1937 – Yasuhiro Kojima, Japanese professional wrestler (d. 1999)
- 1937 – John Price, Former England cricketer
- 1937 – Vasant Ranjane, Former Indian cricketer
- 1938 – Terence Stamp, English actor
- 1939 – Gila Almagor, Israeli actress
- 1940 – Judith Walzer Leavitt, American college professor
- 1940 – Alex Trebek, Canadian game show host
- 1941 – George Clinton, American musician
- 1941 – Ron Turcotte, Canadian jockey
- 1943 – Kay Bailey Hutchison, U.S. Senator from Texas
- 1943 – Bobby Sherman, American singer and actor
- 1944 – Estelle Bennett, American singer (Ronettes)
- 1944 – Rick Davies, British musician (Supertramp)
- 1944 – Dennis Firestone, Australian racing driver
- 1944 – Sparky Lyle, American baseball player
- 1944 – Anand Satyanand, Governor-General of New Zealand
- 1946 – Danny Glover, American actor
- 1946 – Mireille Mathieu, French singer
- 1946 – Paul Schrader, American film director and screenwriter
- 1946 – Stephen M. Wolownik, Russian musician (d. 2000)
- 1946 – Johnson Toribiong, President of Palau
- 1947 – Albert Brooks, American comedian
- 1947 – Gilles Duceppe, Canadian politician
- 1947 – Don Henley, American musician (Eagles)
- 1948 – Otto Waalkes, German comedian
- 1949 – Alan Menken, American composer
- 1949 – Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Ruler of Dubai and PM of UAE
- 1949 – Lasse Virén, Finnish athlete
- 1950 – S. E. Hinton, American novelist
- 1951 – J. V. Cain, American football player (d. 1979)
- 1953 – Jimmy Bruno, American jazz guitarist
- 1953 – Sylvia Chang, Taiwanese actress
- 1954 – Pierre Lebeau, Canadian actor
- 1954 – Lonette McKee, American actress
- 1954 – Al Di Meola, American guitarist
- 1955 – Willem Dafoe, American actor
- 1957 – Dave Stieb, American baseball player
- 1958 – David Von Erich, American professional wrestler (d. 1984)
- 1958 – Tatsunori Hara, Japanese professional-baseball player and coach
- 1960 – Jon Oliva, American musician (Savatage)
- 1961 – Calvin Fish, English racing driver
- 1961 – Keith Sweat, American singer
- 1962 – Alvin Robertson, American basketball player
- 1962 – Martine St. Clair, Canadian singer
- 1963 – Emilio Butragueno, Spanish footballer
- 1963 – Rob Estes, American actor
- 1963 – Emily Saliers, American singer (Indigo Girls)
- 1964 – Rafael Addison, American basketball player
- 1964 – Adam Godley, British actor
- 1964 – John Leguizamo, Colombian actor
- 1964 – Don Van Natta, Jr., American journalist
- 1964 – David Spade, American comedian
- 1965 – Patrick Labyorteaux, American actor
- 1965 – Shawn Michaels, American professional wrestler
- 1966 – Shaun Cohen, South African professional wrestler
- 1966 – Tim Brown, American football player
- 1967 – Lauren Booth, British journalist
- 1967 – Pat Badger, American musician Extreme
- 1968 – Rhys Ifans, Welsh actor
- 1969 – Despina Vandi, Greek singer
- 1970 – Jason Becker, American musician
- 1970 – Craig Baird, New Zealander racing driver
- 1970 – Sergei Zubov, Russian ice hockey player
- 1971 – Kristine Lilly, American soccer player
- 1972 – Colin Ferguson, Canadian actor
- 1972 – Seth Fisher, American comic book artist and penciller (d. 2006)
- 1972 – Keyshawn Johnson, American football player
- 1973 – Ronald Ray Howard, American murderer (d. 2005)
- 1973 – Daniel Jones, Australian musician (Savage Garden)
- 1973 – Mike Sweeney, American baseball player
- 1973 – Rufus Wainwright, Canadian singer
- 1974 – Franka Potente, German actress
- 1974 – Sonija Kwok, Hong Kong actress
- 1977 – Gustavo Nery, Brazilian footballer
- 1978 – Dennis Rommedahl, Danish footballer
- 1978 – A. J. Cook, Canadian actress
- 1978 – Martyn Lee, English radio presenter
- 1978 – Runako Morton, West Indian cricketer
- 1979 – Lucas Luhr, German racing driver
- 1979 – Yadel Martí, Cuban baseball player
- 1979 – James Mason, British professional wrestler
- 1980 – Scott Dixon, New Zealand racing driver
- 1980 – Dirk Kuyt, Dutch footballer
- 1980 – Kate Ryan, Belgian singer
- 1980 – Tablo, Korean hip-hop musician (Epik High)
- 1982 – Nuwan Kulasekara, Sri Lankan cricketer
- 1983 – Arsenium, Moldovan singer (O-Zone)
- 1983 – Steven Jackson, American football player
- 1983 – Sharni Vinson, Australian actress and model
- 1984 – Stewart Downing, English footballer
- 1985 – Takudzwa Ngwenya, Zimbabwean/American rugby player
- 1985 – Akira Tozawa, Japanese professional wrestler
- 1992 – Selena Gomez, American actress
- 1997 – Field Cate, American actor
- 1998 – Madison Pettis, American actress
- 2002 – Prince Felix of Denmark
Deaths
- 1362 – Louis of Durazzo, Italian soldier (b. 1324)
- 1387 – Franz Ackerman, Flemish statesman (b. 1330)
- 1461 – Charles VII of France (b. 1403)
- 1525 – Richard Wingfield, English diplomat
- 1540 – John Zápolya, King of Hungary
- 1619 – Lawrence of Brindisi, Italian monk (b. 1559)
- 1633 – Trijntje Keever, presumed to have been the tallest woman ever (b. 1616)
- 1645 – Gaspar de Guzmán y Pimentel, Count-Duke of Olivares, Spanish statesman (b. 1587)
- 1676 – Pope Clement X (b. 1590)
- 1726 – Hugh Drysdale, British Colonial Governor of Virginia
- 1734 – Peter King, 1st Baron King, Lord Chancellor of England
- 1789 – Joseph-François Foulon, French administrator (b. 1715)
- 1802 – Marie François Xavier Bichat, French anatomist (b. 1771)
- 1826 – Giuseppe Piazzi, Italian astronomer (b. 1746)
- 1832 – Napoleon II of France (b. 1811)
- 1852 – Auguste Marmont, French marshal (b. 1774)
- 1864 – James B. McPherson, American army general, in the Battle of Atlanta (b. 1828)
- 1869 – John A. Roebling, German-American civil engineer (Brooklyn Bridge), (b. 1806)
- 1902 – Mieczysław Halka Ledóchowski, Polish Catholic Cardinal (b. 1822)
- 1903 – Cassius Clay, American emancipationist (b. 1810)
- 1904 – Wilson Barrett, English actor (b. 1846)
- 1908 – William Randal Cremer, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1828)
- 1915 – Sir Sandford Fleming, Canadian engineer and inventor (b. 1827)
- 1916 – James Whitcomb Riley, American author and poet (b. 1849)
- 1918 – Indra Lal Roy, Indian pilot (b. 1898)
- 1920 – William Kissam Vanderbilt, member of the Vanderbilt family (b. 1849)
- 1922 – Jokichi Takamine, Japanese chemist (b. 1854)
- 1932 – Errico Malatesta, Italian anarchist (b. 1853)
- 1932 – Florenz Ziegfeld, theatrical producer (b. 1867)
- 1932 – Reginald Fessenden, Canadian inventor and radio pioneer (b. 1866)
- 1934 – John Dillinger, American bank robber (b. 1903)
- 1950 – William Lyon Mackenzie King, 10th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1874)
- 1958 – Mikhail Zoshchenko, Russian writer (b. 1895)
- 1967 – Carl Sandburg, American poet (b. 1878)
- 1968 – Giovannino Guareschi, Italian journalist (b. 1908)
- 1970 – George Johnston, Australian journalist and novelist (b. 1912)
- 1974 – Wayne Morse, U.S. Senator from Oregon (b. 1900)
- 1979 – Sándor Kocsis, Hungarian footballer (b. 1929)
- 1988 – Duane Jones, American actor (b. 1936)
- 1989 – Martti Talvela, Finnish bass (b. 1935)
- 1990 – Manuel Puig, Argentinian writer (b. 1932)
- 1992 – Wayne McLaren, portrayed the Marlboro Man (b. 1940)
- 1995 – Harold Larwood, Former England cricketer (b. 1904)
- 1996 – Rob Collins, English musician (The Charlatans) (b. 1956)
- 1998 – Hermann Prey, German bass-baritone (b. 1929)
- 1999 – Gar Samuelson, American musician (Megadeth) (b. 1958)
- 2000 – Eric Christmas, British actor (b. 1916)
- 2000 – Carmen Martín Gaite, Spanish author (b. 1925)
- 2000 – Claude Sautet, French film director (b. 1924)
- 2001 – Indro Montanelli, Italian journalist and historian (b. 1909)
- 2003 – Qusay Hussein, son of Saddam Hussein (b. 1966)
- 2003 – Uday Hussein, son of Saddam Hussein (b. 1964)
- 2003 – Wahome Muthahi, Kenyan humourist (b. 1954)
- 2004 – Sacha Distel, French singer (b. 1933)
- 2004 – George Kidd, Canadian diplomat (b. 1917)
- 2004 – Illinois Jacquet, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1922)
- 2005 – Eugene Record American songwriter and singer (The Chi-Lites) (b. 1940)
- 2005 – Jean Charles de Menezes, Brazilian electrician killed by Scotland Yard (b. 1978)
- 2006 – José Antonio Delgado, Venezuelan mountain climber (b. 1965)
- 2006 – James E. West, mayor of Spokane, Washington (b. 1950)
- 2007 – Jarrod Cunningham New Zealand rugby player (b. 1968)
- 2007 – Mike Coolbaugh former baseball player and coach (b. 1972)
- 2007 – Ulrich Mühe, German actor (b. 1953)
- 2007 – Rollie Stiles, American baseball player (b. 1906)
- 2007 – Laszlo Kovacs, Hungarian-born cinematographer (b. 1933)
- 2008 – Estelle Getty American comedic actress (b. 1923)
- 2008 – Greg Burson American Voice Actor (b. 1949)
Holidays and observances
External links
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