2009 Formula One season
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- "F1 2009" redirects here. For the video game, see F1 2009 (video game).
The 2009 Formula One season is the 60th FIA Formula One World Championship season. There are ten teams signed up to compete in the championship.[1]
The season is scheduled to take place over 17 rounds, and started with the Australian Grand Prix on 29 March 2009. It will end on 1 November 2009 with the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, which is included on the race calendar for the first time and will be held at the new Yas Marina Circuit. The French and Canadian Grands Prix, which were both included in the 2008 championship, have been dropped.
Several rule changes will be implemented by the FIA, in a bid to cut costs due to the global financial crisis and to improve the on-track spectacle. New rules governing tyres, aerodynamics and Kinetic Energy Recovery Systems (KERS), among others, are some of the biggest changes in the Formula One regulations for several decades.[2] FIA initially declared a change in deciding the World Driver's Championship, with the driver winning the most races to be declared as the champion.[3] However, this decision was later reversed following protests from Formula One Teams Association.
Contents |
Pre-season testing
The first multi-team testing session took place at Circuit de Catalunya, Barcelona in November 2008, two weeks after the end of previous season.[4] All teams, except Toyota, took part in the testing session where some teams tested their new aerodynamics package and slick tyres.[5] BMW Sauber and Williams were amongst the forerunners in this case, with the German manufacturer running both rear and front wings to 2009 specifications. The team's test driver, Christian Klien, labelled the car the ugliest car he'd ever seen.[6] F1 newcomers Sébastien Buemi, Lucas di Grassi and Bruno Senna tested for Toro Rosso and Honda respectively. Takuma Sato returned for a test with Toro Rosso and WRC Champion Sébastien Loeb tested for Red Bull. McLaren test driver Pedro de la Rosa also tested for Force India, an exercise seen as a part of the teams' new technical partnership.[7] Red Bull, Toro Rosso and Renault were the only teams to use solely their 2008 cars (albeit with slick tyres), whilst the other teams also tested 2009 interim cars during the 3-day test.
The next test took place at Jerez in December 2008, and was attended by six teams. Toro Rosso candidate Sébastien Buemi topped the time-sheets on all three days, defeating rival candidates Takuma Sato and Sébastien Bourdais.[8] The test also saw the McLaren team debut a front wing and nosecone designed to 2009 specifications, as well as stripped bodywork.[9] BMW Sauber and Williams continued running the interim cars which debuted at the previous test, while Renault and Toro Rosso continued running their 2008 cars with slicks and simulated downforce-levels.
Following the first launches, the teams returned to the track on the 19th of January for more testing. Toyota, McLaren, Williams and Renault tested at Algarve again together with Toro Rosso, which used their 2008 car. Sébastien Buemi, in his first outing as confirmed driver for the Toro Rosso team, topped the first three days in the interim car.[10] Heavy rain hampered the teams in the first two days, and only on Wednesday could the drivers test the new cars on the slick tyres. On Thursday, however, the rain returned, and testing was stopped early in the morning as the medical helicopters could not take off in the torrential rain.[11] Ferrari intended to test at Algarve as well, but moved the test to Mugello, where the rain continued to limit their testing amidst mounting concerns over the F60's legality.[12][13] BMW Sauber, meanwhile, enjoyed warmer weather testing the F1.09 at Valencia.[14]
On 9 March, testing started at Barcelona with the new team, Brawn GP, making an impact by leading the times early in the day. Toro Rosso also launched the STR4. This was the first test in which all teams used their 2009 cars. BMW Sauber led the times while Brawn GP finished fourth.[15] On day three, Brawn GP's Jenson Button was fastest by just over one second to Ferrari's Felipe Massa completing 130 laps.[16] On day four Rubens Barrichello became the first driver to get into the 1:18s.
On 15 March Renault, Brawn and Williams started the last teams public test at Jerez. Brawn, again, led the standings 0.6 seconds ahead of Renault's Fernando Alonso, completing 107 laps.[17] On day two, Fernando Alonso completed 107 laps and finished 0.55 seconds ahead of Barrichello, who completed 61 laps, and ahead of his teammate, Jenson Button who completed 12 laps, by 0.5 seconds and over a second ahead of Lewis Hamilton who was still struggling in the MP4-24.[18] Button led the final day 0.2 seconds clear, completing 114 laps ahead of Williams driver Nico Rosberg, Nelson Piquet, Jr. and Hamilton.[19] The testing carried on at Jerez with McLaren and Williams staying. McLaren showed good progress after slicing a whole second off their pace with Williams driver Nakajima almost 2 seconds behind in the FW31.[20] On day two Nakajima led by 0.4 seconds to McLaren. McLaren slashed some more time out of the MP4-24, while importing over some new parts from Woking. McLaren and Williams then returned to Britain to finish off preparations for Australia; leaving for the season opener on Monday to join the rest of the grid.[21]
McLaren have been experiencing some problems with the car lacking rear downforce. At the penultimate test of the season in Barcelona, the McLaren car was rarely less than 1.5 seconds off the pace.[22] Felipe Massa stated he had never seen McLaren so far behind.[23]
A major source of controversy throughout the winter season were the rear diffusers. Three teams – Toyota, Williams and Brawn GP – launched their cars with a diffuser that uses the rear crash structure in order to generate additional downforce.[24] These designs were quickly protested, and just days after the cars were unveiled, rival teams asked the FIA for a clarification on the matter.[25] With only days to go before the start of the 2009 season, the rear diffuser designs once again attracted controversy with Red Bull's motor racing advisor Helmut Marko declaring that the other seven teams will unite to lodge an official protest should they be used in the race.[26] On the Wednesday of the first race an official complaint was launched by other teams against the rear diffusers of the Williams FW31, Toyota TF109 and the Brawn BGP 001 saying that they were illegal,[27] but after analysing the cars the FIA reported that the cars were not illegal.[28] The other six teams filed an appeal which was heard on 14 April 2009 – the week prior to round three of the championship, the Chinese Grand Prix — and a result was decided on Wednesday 15 April.[29] The FIA deemed the cars' diffusers legal after much deliberation.[30]
Teams
The following teams are signed with Formula One Management and make up the Formula One Teams Association (FOTA):
- Ferrari
- McLaren-Mercedes
- BMW Sauber
- Renault
- Toyota
- Toro Rosso-Ferrari
- Red Bull-Renault
- Williams-Toyota
- Force India-Mercedes
- Brawn-Mercedes
Williams and Force India were suspended from FOTA on the 27th May 2009, due to them "breaking ranks" and signing up to the 2010 championship, despite the ongoing debate over the FIA's planned budget cap for the 2010 season. Just hours before the team issued their entry, Max Mosley was handed a letter signed by all ten team bosses, insisting that he scrap his planned budget cap and its two-tier regulations.[31][32]
New car launches
| Constructor | Chassis | Launch date | Launch location |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ferrari | F60 | January 12[33] | Mugello, Italy |
| Toyota | TF109 | January 15[34] | Online[35] |
| McLaren-Mercedes | MP4-24 | January 16[36] | Woking, United Kingdom |
| Renault | R29 | January 19[37] | Portimão, Portugal |
| Williams-Toyota | FW31 | January 19[38] | Portimão, Portugal |
| BMW Sauber | F1.09 | January 20[34] | Valencia, Spain |
| Red Bull-Renault | RB5 | February 9[39] | Circuito de Jerez, Spain |
| Force India-Mercedes | VJM02 | March 1[40] | Circuito de Jerez, Spain |
| Brawn-Mercedes | BGP 001 | March 6[41] | Silverstone Circuit, United Kingdom |
| Toro Rosso-Ferrari | STR4 | March 9[42] | Circuit de Catalunya, Spain |
Drivers
† Brendon Hartley only received his super-license prior to the Spanish Grand Prix, naming Coulthard the official reserve driver for the previous races.[71]
- NOTE: There are no car numbers 18 or 19 following the withdrawal of Honda F1. Force India were originally designated the numbers, but had already ordered merchandise with the numbers 20 and 21, and so were permitted to continue carrying those numbers.[43] As it was considered a new team, Brawn GP were therefore assigned the numbers 22 and 23.
2009 calendar
After several revisions, the FIA published the 2009 Formula One World Championship race calendar on 5 November 2008[72]
† Night Race
‡ New Race/Circuit
* Since the 1995 season, Grands Prix held at the Nürburgring have been titled something other than the "German Grand Prix" due to a dispute with the Hockenheimring over naming rights. With the issue still in dispute at the end of the 2008 season it was reported that either the Nürburgring or Valencia Street Circuit Grand Prix would change titles.[74] The FIA calendar currently lists the Nürburgring race as the German Grand Prix, and the Valencia race as the European Grand Prix.[75]
Changes
Driver changes
Changed teams
- Sebastian Vettel: Scuderia Toro Rosso → Red Bull Racing
- Anthony Davidson: Super Aguri / Honda Racing (test driver) → Brawn GP (test driver)
Entered F1
Exited F1
- David Coulthard: Red Bull Racing → consultant and test driver for Red Bull, as well as providing punditry for the BBC's television coverage alongside former Jordan Grand Prix team principal Eddie Jordan and anchor Jake Humphrey.
- Takuma Sato: Super Aguri → unknown
Team changes
- Force India changed their engine supplier from Ferrari to Mercedes in a five-year deal.[64]
- Gerhard Berger sold his half-stake of Scuderia Toro Rosso to Red Bull, claiming that the new regulations would "leave no room for improvement for a small team like STR".[76]
- Honda F1 announced in December 2008 that they would withdraw their Formula One team from the 2009 World Championship due to the problems caused by the global financial breakdown and to focus on their core business activities.[77][78] It was confirmed on 5 March 2009 that the team would compete in the 2009 season as Brawn GP, with Mercedes engines, following a management buy-out, and would retain the services of both Jenson Button and Rubens Barrichello as drivers.[79]
Calendar changes
- The debuting Abu Dhabi Grand Prix has been added to the race calendar, as part of Formula One's expansion in the Middle East.[80] The race will take place at the Hermann Tilke-designed Yas Marina Circuit, which is currently under construction on Yas Island. The Abu Dhabi Grand Prix will be the final round of the 2009 World Championship on 1 November, 2009.
- After being dropped in 2007 and replaced by the Fuji Speedway, the Suzuka Circuit will return to host the Japanese Grand Prix in 2009. The race will then alternate between the two circuits.
- On October 7, 2008, the FIA formalized the 2009 season calendar with the dropping of the Canadian Grand Prix (for apparent financial problems) and the rearrangement of the Turkish Grand Prix to June 7, 2009.[81] 2009 will be the first Formula One season since 1958 with no Grand Prix in North America.[82] The Canadian Grand Prix had been on the provisional schedule, before being dropped. However, it may be reinstated in the calendar in the event of the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix not being ready in time.[83][84]
- On October 15, 2008, the organisers of the French Grand Prix announced via their official website that the race would no longer be part of the 2009 season, citing "economic problems".[85][86] This will be the second time that there has not been a French Grand Prix on the schedule since the start of the World Drivers' Championship in 1950. The only previous time was 1955.[87] The race had been on the "final" schedule for 2009, and Bernie Ecclestone had previously stated that it would stay on the calendar, as they had a contract until 2011.[88]
- On November 5, 2008, the FIA World Council shifted the Chinese Grand Prix to April and reshuffled the others to accommodate the loss of the French Grand Prix.[89]
Rule changes
On 22 December 2006, the FIA released technical regulations for the 2009 season.[90] These have been revised several times to accommodate the findings of the Overtaking Working Group (formed in response to concerns that wheel-to-wheel racing was becoming increasingly rare)[91] and the increasing need for cost-cutting in the sport in the wake of the economic crisis.[92] Some changes have been added later.
- Slick tyres will return for the first time since they were banned for the 1998 season. Bridgestone will continue to be the sole supplier of tyres, and drivers will still have to use both compounds of tyre during a race.[93] Soft tyres are differentiated by a green marking around the sides of the tyres, rather than a white marking in a groove as used in 2008.[94] Further, wet tyres were renamed as "intermediate" and extreme-weather tyres were renamed "wet".[95]
- The aerodynamic regulations have been radically altered for the 2009 season. Front wings will be lower and wider, while rear wings will be much higher and narrower. This makes the 2009 cars strikingly different in appearance from those of previous seasons, and several drivers have expressed concerns that the larger front wings could trigger more accidents; especially at the start of Grands Prix when the cars are racing close to each other. As well as the changes in the dimensions of the wings, bodywork will be much more regulated with many of the additional components seen in previous seasons effectively outlawed (including barge boards, winglets, turning vanes, chimneys, Viking horns and dumbo ears), the diffuser at the rear of the car has been moved back and upwards. Many other minor chassis components have also been standardised. The aim of the new aerodynamic regulations, as well as the reintroduction of slick tyres, is to decrease reliance on aerodynamic downforce and increase mechanical grip with the aim of making wheel-to-wheel racing easier.
- For the first time, cars will be allowed to use driver adjustable bodywork, in the form of adjustable flaps in the front wing. The flaps can be adjusted by up to six degrees, limited to only two adjustments per lap.
- Along with changes to bodywork and tyre size, the 2006 document included details of a Kinetic Energy Recovery System. This is a regenerative braking device designed to recover some of the vehicle's kinetic energy, which is normally dissipated as heat during braking. The recovered energy can be stored electrically, in a battery or supercapacitor, or mechanically, in a flywheel, for use as a source of additional accelerative power at the driver's discretion by way of a boost button on the steering wheel. The regulations limit the additional power to around 82 hp (61 kW) for six seconds a lap. The regulations do not make this compulsory, and due to concerns about both limited performance gains and safety implications many teams are believed to be unlikely to use the new KERS systems for at least the start of the 2009 season.[96]
- While it was reported in 2008 that the FIA were planning on introducing a budget cap to limit the amount of spending by Formula One teams,[97] the amount was not agreed upon and the budget cap idea was dropped. Instead, costs will be brought down by an almost total ban on in-season testing, a forced reduction in wind tunnel usage, the sharing of more data during race weekends, and an increased minimum engine lifespan: the engine will have to last for three races, instead of two in 2008. The gearbox will have to last for 4 races, and penalty of 5 places in the starting grid will be applied, should a driver change it during the weekend before the start of the race.
- Each driver will be limited to a maximum of 8 engines throughout the season, in addition to four engines for practice/testing purposes. To aid improvements in reliability, the engines will be detuned from 19,000 RPM to 18,000 RPM.[98]
- The rule stating that the pit lane is closed during a Safety Car period will be scrapped in 2009. The rule was introduced in 2007 to avoid people rushing back to the pits to refuel, possibly speeding through a danger zone, but software has been successfully developed to solve this problem.[99] The pit lane speed limit has also been increased from 50mph to 62mph(100kmh).
- The FIA initially declared that the driver with the most wins at the end of the season would be the winner of the 2009 Formula One World Championship, but dropped the decision due to opposition from teams and drivers.[100][101] Formula One Teams Association argued that FIA could not change the rules this close to the season's start without the full agreement of the teams.[3][102] Other proposals rejected by FIA were the introduction of a new points system with the scale 12-9-7-5-4-3-2-1 and to award medals for first, second and third place.[95]
New F1 partnerships
Korean electronics firm LG set a partnership with FOM to show their logo during live timing system and timing graphics.[103]
Broadcasting changes
| Country | 2008 | 2009 |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | ITV Network | BBC |
| Norway | TV3 and Viasat SportN | Viasat Motor |
| Spain | Telecinco and TV3 | Mediapro (laSexta) and TV3 |
| Bulgaria | BTV | TV7 and BTV |
| India | ESPNStar alliance | ESPN Star Sports |
| Malaysia | Pay-TV Astro | ESPN Star Sports and ntv7 |
| Denmark | TV2 | TV3 Puls |
| Greece | Alpha TV | ANT1 |
| Russia | Ren-TV | RTR Sport |
| Turkey | CNN Türk | TRT |
| Australia | Ten HD and Network Ten | One and Network Ten |
| Latvia | LNT | TV3 and Viasat Sport Baltic |
| Ukraine | Megasport | K1 |
| Middle East | Al Jazeera Sports | Bahrain Sports |
| Sweden | Viasat Sport and TV6 | Viasat Motor |
| Estonia | TV3 | TV3 and Viasat Sport Baltic |
- The BBC regain coverage of Formula One in the United Kingdom after losing it to ITV in 1997. The deal will last for five years and includes TV, radio and online coverage rights. Jake Humphrey presents the programme, with Jonathan Legard and Martin Brundle (swapping from ITV) doing the race commentary. Ted Kravitz joined the BBC to continue his role in the pit lane, and is joined by Lee McKenzie. David Coulthard and Eddie Jordan act as TV pundits, with Murray Walker doing a similar job on the BBC website.[104] The broadcaster confirmed the details of coverage on 25 February 2009,[105] including the return of iconic theme tune "The Chain" by Fleetwood Mac.[106]
- In Spain, Telecinco loses the F1 coverage rights in favor of Mediapro, major shareholder of LaSexta.[107]
- In Bulgaria, TV7 have acquired the coverage rights for the 2009, 2010 and 2011 seasons from bTV.[108]
- ESPN Star Sports has agreed to a new five-year deal for the exclusive rights to broadcast Formula One in 24 Asian countries, including India, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia and South Korea.[109]
- In Sweden, Viasat extends its broadcasting rights through 2011. The broadcast will be moved to the new motorsports channel Viasat Motor, but qualifications and race summaries will be on TV6 as well. This is the first time races aren't broadcast on free-to-view channel in Sweden.[110]
- In Denmark, TV3 Puls replaces TV2.
- In Greece, ANT1 has acquired the coverage rights for the next three years, replacing Alpha TV.[111]
- In Russia, RTR Sport replaces Ren-TV.[112]
- In Australia, Ten and its subsidiary One will cover the season. One will be launched on the weekend of the Australian GP. One will broadcast all races and qualifying live when possible. Hosted by Greg Rust and Cameron McConville, who cross to the BBC telecast.
- In Latvia, TV3 and Viasat Sport Baltic have bought the rights for showing live races for three years, replacing LNT, which had broadcast Formula One races for more than ten years.
- In Ukraine, K1 replaces Megasport.
- In Middle East, Bahrain Sports replaces Al Jazeera Sports.[113]
- In Turkey, TRT replaces CNN Türk.
Results and standings
Grands Prix
Drivers
|
Bold – Pole |
† Drivers did not finish the Grand Prix, but were classified as they completed over 90% of the race distance.
‡ Half points were awarded at the Malaysian Grand Prix as less than 75% of the scheduled distance was completed.
Constructors
|
Bold – Pole |
† Drivers did not finish the Grand Prix, but were classified as they completed over 90% of the race distance.
‡ Half points were awarded at the Malaysian Grand Prix as less than 75% of the scheduled distance was completed.
Statistics
Drivers
Constructors
| Pos | Constructor | Chassis | Engine | Starts | Finishes | Wins | Podiums | Poles | F.Laps | Points |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Brawn |
BGP 001 |  Mercedes |
16 | 15 | 6 | 11 | 4 | 4 | 105 |
| 2 |  Red Bull |
RB5 |  Renault |
16 | 13 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 74.5 |
| 3 |  Toyota |
TF109 | Toyota |
16 | 14 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 34.5 |
| 4 |  Ferrari |
F60 | Ferrari |
16 | 12 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 26 |
| 5 | Williams |
FW31 | Toyota |
16 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 15.5 |
| 6 | McLaren |
MP4-24 | Mercedes |
16 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 |
| 7 | Renault |
R29 | Renault |
16 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 |
| 8 | BMW Sauber |
F1.09 | BMW |
16 | 14 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 8 |
| 9 | Toro Rosso |
STR4 | Ferrari |
16 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| 10 |  Force India |
VJM02 | Mercedes |
16 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Report
Most of the season that has passed has been dominated by Brawn GP's Jenson Button. He won the first race followed by his experienced team-mate, Brazilian Rubens Barrichello, meaning a Brawn 1-2 was set. Red Bull's Sebastian Vettel was on for second until he collided with BMW's Robert Kubica a few laps before the end. The accident promoted Toyota's Jarno Trulli to third position. McLaren-Mercedes' Lewis Hamilton would have snatched that position, but didn't, thanks to a disqualification, meaning Trulli's team-mate Timo Glock was fourth, getting Toyota up to second in the Constructors' Championship. Renault's Fernando Alonso ended up fifth ahead of Williams' Nico Rosberg, who, despite finishing sixth, held the fastest lap.
Next up was Malaysia. The race was abandoned due to heavy rain while the drivers, including race winner Button, had completed less than 75%. Joining Button on the podium were BMW's Nick Heidfeld and Toyota's Timo Glock. Trulli was classified fourth, ahead of Barrichello. Red Bull's Mark Webber finished sixth, with reigning world champion Hamilton seventh. Rosberg scored the last half point.
The Chinese Grand Prix belonged to Red Bull thanks to Sebastian Vettel, who claimed the team's first ever pole position. He was followed on the grid by Alonso and Webber, while Barrichelo out-qualified his team-mate for the first time this season. The race, thanks to Vettel and Webber, claimed Red Bull's first ever win, and, even better, their first ever 1-2. Brawn lost out on the 1-2, so finished third and fourth, Button the better. Kovalainen finished above Hamilton in the race, although having qualified lower. Glock finished seventh, ahead of Buemi.
Bahrain saw Toyota clinch a front row with Jarno Trulli taking pole position. However, Toyota's pit stops during the race meant Jenson Button had won yet another race, taking his Drivers' Championship total to 31 points. Vettel was classified second ahead of Trulli. Hamilton missed out on the podium in fourth, in front of Barrichello and Raikkonen, who scored Ferrari's first points, just missing out on their worst season start since 1992.
At Spain, Button took another victory for Brawn GP, 13 seconds in front of Barrichello. Webber fished out third, finishing ahead of Vettel for the first time this season. Alonso was fifth, ahead of Massa, Heidfeld and Rosberg.
There aren't much overtaking opportunities at Monaco. However, if you're starting from third on the grid, you can get past whoever's second positioned, just as Barrichello did to overtake Räikkönen. The Brawn no.2 was classified second, joined on the podium by Button (who won the race) and Räikkönen (third), while Massa managed fourth getting Ferrari 11 points and fourth in the Constructors' Championship. Webber was fifth, ahead of Rosberg, Alonso and Bourdais.
Button did it again at Turkey, making it 6 out of 7 for Brawn. Team-mate Barrichello retired. Webber finished ahead of Vettel for the third time running. After an unfortunate non-points finish at Monaco, Jarno Trulli finally scored some points, finishing fourth, ahead of Rosberg and Massa. BMW's Robert Kubica scored his first points of the season in seventh, while Glock scored the last points.
The British Grand Prix was dominated by Red Bull with Vettel securing his second victory of 2009 and third of his career. Webber came in second to make it a 1-2 for Red Bull and Barichello took the last podium position. A superlative performance by Massa saw him come in fourth with Nico Rosberg fifth. The last stint of the race saw Jenson make a spirited attempt at Rosberg, but had to settle with sixth. Trulli and Räikkönen secured the last two points scoring positions. Glock finished out of the points, allowing Massa and Rosberg past in the Drivers' standings. Button missed out of the podium for the first time this season.
Button leads the Drivers' Championship by 23 points from Barrichello. Vettel is third, 3.5 points in front of Webber. Trulli is fifth, ahead of Massa, while Rosberg is seventh. Glock holds eighth, Alonso ninth. Räikkönen is tenth, with Hamilton eleventh. Heidfeld presently holds twelfth, ahead of Kovalainen, Buemi, Kubica and Bourdais. Fisichella, Sutil, Piquet and Nakajima have no points.
In the Constructors' Championship, Brawn-Mercedes lead by 30.5 points from Red Bull. Toyota are third, ahead of Ferrari. Williams-Toyota hold fifth, with McLaren-Mercedes sixth. Renault are in seventh. Alonso finished out of the points for the third time running in the last race. BMW Sauber hold eighth. The bottom two teams are Toro Rosso-Ferrari and Force India-Mercedes.
Next race: 2009 German Grand Prix
Last race: 2009 British Grand Prix
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