1820s

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	18th century - 19th century - 20th century
Decades:	1790s 1800s 1810s - 1820s - 1830s 1840s 1850s
Years:	1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829
Categories:	Births - Deaths - Architecture Establishments - Disestablishments

Events and trends

Nationalistic independence helped reshape the world during this decade:
- Greece gains independence from the Ottoman Empire in the Greek War of Independence (1821-1827).
- Several countries declared their independence from Spain and Portugal:
  - The Republic of Gran Colombia under President Simón Bolívar (1819 - 1828) expands over South America
  - Mexico (1821)
  - Brazil (1822)
The United Provinces of Central America were formed in 1823.
Invention of the photograph and the first still existing photograph taken in 1826.
United States (1825) The Erie Canal opens - passage from Albany, New York to Lake Erie and the Ohio and Erie Canal is dug to extend settlement access and commercial traffic to the Ohio River.
Temperance movement emerges in U.S.
Americo-Liberians begin to settle in the Colony of Liberia with the support of the American Colonization Society
World's first modern railway, the Stockton and Darlington Railway, opens to the public in 1825.
Beethoven's Ninth Symphony premiers on May 7, 1824 in the Kärntnertortheater in Vienna.

World leaders

Emir Dost Mohammad Khan (Afghanistan)
Supreme director José Rondeau (Argentina)
Acting supreme Manuel Dorrego]] (Argentina)
General Juan Manuel de Rosas (Argentina)
Emperor Francis II (Austria)
Chancellor Klemens Wenzel von Metternich (Austria)
Sheikh Sulman ibn Ahmad Al Khalifah (Bahrain)
Sheikh Khalifah ibn Sulman Al Khalifah (Bahrain)
Administrative leader Tendzin Drugdra (Bhutan)
Administrative leader Choki Gyaltshen (Bhutan)
President Simón Bolívar (Bolivia)
President Antonio José de Sucre (Bolivia)
President José María Pérez (Bolivia)
President José Miguel de Velasco (Bolivia)
President Pedro Blanco (Bolivia)
President Andrés de Santa Cruz (Bolivia)
Emperor Pedro I (Brazil)
Sultan Muhammad Kanzul Alam (Brunei)
Sultan Muhammad Alam (Brunei)
Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin II (Brunei)
King Ang Chan II (Cambodia)
President Bernardo O'Higgins (Chile)
President Agustín Eyzaguirre (Chile)
Provisional triumvirate of the three provinces Congreso de Plenipotenciarios (Chile)
Interim Supreme Director Ramón Freire (Chile)
Acting Supreme Director Diego José Benavente (Chile)
President Manuel Blanco Encalada (Chile)
President Francisco Antonio Pinto (Chile)
President Francisco Ramón Vicuña (Chile)
President José Tomás Ovalle (Chile)
Emperor Daoguang (China)
President Simón Bolívar (Greater Colombia)
King Frederick VI (Denmark)
Governor Muḩammad ‘Alī (Egypt)
Emperor Iyoas II (Ethiopia)
Emperor Gigar (Ethiopia)
Emperor Baeda Maryam III (Ethiopia)
President José Cecilio del Valle (Federal Republic of Central America)
President Manuel José Arce (Federal Republic of Central America)
President José Francisco Barrundia (Federal Republic of Central America)
King Louis XVIII (Restoration France)
King Charles X (Restoration France)
Governor Ioannis Kapodistrias (Greece)
King Henri Christophe (Haiti)
President Jean Pierre Boyer (Haiti)
Pope Pius VII
Pope Leo XII
Shogun Tokugawa Ienari (Japan)
Khan Omar Beg (Kokand)
Khan Mohammed Ali (Kokand)
Emperor Sunjo (Korea)
Emir Jaber I Al-Sabah (Kuwait)
Emperor Agustín de Iturbide (Mexico)
President Guadalupe Victoria (Mexico)
President Vicente Guerrero (Mexico)
President José María Bocanegra (Mexico)
President Pedro Vélez (Mexico)
Sultan Slimane (Morocco)
Sultan Abderrahmane (Morocco)
Padshah Akbar II (Mughal Empire)
Fath Ali Shah of Qajar dynasty (Persia)
King Frederick William III (Prussia)
Maharaja Ranjit Singh (Sikh Empire, Punjab)
Emperor Alexander I (Russia)
Emperor Nicholas I (Russia)
King Victor Emmanuel I (Sardinia)
King Charles Felix (Sardinia)
King Rama II (Siam)
King Rama III (Siam)
King Ferdinand VII (Spain)
King Charles XIV John (Sweden)
Pasha Yusuf Karamanli (Tripoli)
King George IV (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland)
King William I (United Kingdom of the Netherlands)
President James Monroe (United States)
President John Quincy Adams (United States)
Emperor Minh Mang (Vietnam)

Categories: 1820s

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